Abstract：Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPN) is one of the most important pathogens responsible for nosocomial and community infections. In recent years, with the wide application of carbapenem antibiotics, the detection ratio of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has increased obviously. Carbapenemase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae has spread all over the world, especially KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae associated with a multilocus sequence type (ST), ST258. CRKP has posed a significant threat to global public health. The KPN resistance to carbapenems has several mechanisms, including the production of carbapenemases, the loss or reduction of bacterial porin, the activation of efflux pump, and so on. Thus, to study the mechanism of CRKP resistance to carbapenems and epidemiology is an important way to solve the problem of drug resistance and to guide clinical medication. The aim of this review is to describe the mechanisms of carbapenem-resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae and the risk factors of colonization to enhance the understanding of CRKP and to provide basis for reasonable use of drugs in clinical practice.
