Abstract：Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and antibiotic resistance profiles in community-acquired bloodstream infections (CABSIs), and provide evidence for empirical antimicrobial therapy of CABSIs. Methods Microbiological and clinical data were collected and reviewed retrospectively for the patients with confirmed CABSIs who were treated as inpatients in Tongling. People’s Hospital from January 2015 to December 2016. Results During the 2-year study period, a total of 152 patients [male 67, female 85, mean (63.9±17.1) years of age] were diagnosed with 152 episodes of CABSIs, including primary bloodstream infections (24.3%, 37/152) and secondary bloodstream infections (75.7%, 115/152). Male primary CABSIs were more than female primary CABSIs (P<0.05), while more female CABSIs patients were secondary urinary tract infections than male patients (P<0.0001) and more male CABSIs patients were secondary biliary tract infections than female patients (P<0.05). Of the 152 pathogens (non-duplicate), Gram-negative bacilli and Gram-positive cocci accounted for 63.8% (97/152) and 36.2% (55/152), respectively. The top six isolates were E. coli (48.7%), coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CNS) (11.8%), K. pneumoniae (9.2%), S. aureus (7.2%), Streptococcus viridans(6.6%), and Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus (4.6%). E. coli was the most frequent pathogen of CABSI secondary urinary tract infections. About 43.2% of E. coli isolates and 7.1% of K. pneumoniae isolates produced extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). No carbapenem-resistant strains of E. coli or K. pneumoniae were found. MRSA and MRCNS accounted for 18.2% and 44.4% of S. aureus and CNS, respectively. No strain was found resistant to vancomycin, or linezolid in Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus viridans. Conclusions This surveillance data indicated that Gram-negative bacilli played an important role in CABSI, E.coli were the most common pathogens. We should pay more attention to the effect of gender and site of infections on the CABSI.
