Abstract：Objective To investigate the susceptibility and resistance of clinical bacterial isolates in the First Hospital of Qiqihaer during 2016. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out for the clinical isolates according to a standard protocol using automate system from January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2016. The results were analyzed with WHONET 5.6 software according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2014 guidelines. Results A total of 3505 Nonduplicate clinical isolates were collected during 2016, of which Gram-negative rods and Gram-positive cocci accounted for 69.9% and 30.1%, respectively. The main source of the pathogens was respiratory specimens (57.3%), followed by urine (10.5%) and blood (10.3%). Escherichia coli (18.43%) was the most frequently isolated bacteria, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.92%), Staphylococcus aureus (14.41%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.92%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (7.93%). About 27.4% of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were identified as MRSA, 74.2% of the coagulase negative Staphyococcus isolates were identified as MRCNS. No staphylococcal strain was resistant to vancomycin or linezolid. The resistance rates of E. faecalis strains to most of the test drugs were much lower than those of E. faecium, no enterococcal strain was found resistant to vancomycin or linezolid. The prevalence of ESBLs was 43.3% in E. coli, 20.1% in Klebsiella spp. (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca) and 18.4% in Proteus mirabilis. Enterobacteriaceae isolates were still highly susceptible to carbapenems, and some carbapenem-resistant stains were found in various Enterobacteriaceae spp., especially in Klebsiella pneumoniae. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii was 17.5% and 60.4%. More than 98% of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin, and the prevalence of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumonia (PRSP) strains was 2.3%. Conclusion The antibiotic resistance of clinical bacterial isolates is growing, and more attention should be paid to resistance surveillance and rational use of antibiotics.
